Grille de cotation du dessin du bonhomme (Goodenough) — Présentation complète

24. Détails : menton

  • Mention distinct du bas du visage.

The Evolution: From DAP to DAP:IQ

The original Goodenough scale (1926) was revolutionary, but it had limits. It worked best between ages 4 and 10. In 1963, Dale B. Harris published the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test (G-HDT), expanding the grid to include drawings of a Woman and a Self-Portrait.

Today, the most common clinical successor is the Draw-A-Person: Intellectual Ability (DAP:IQ) by Naglieri (1988). While the scoring grid has been modernized, the foundational logic—presence, proportion, and detail—remains identical to Goodenough’s original grille.

23. Détails : sourcils / cils

  • Sourcils ou cils.

Part II: The Facial Features (Differentiation)

This section moves from "has a face" to "understands the components of a face."

  • Item 3: Presence of eyes (dots are accepted).
  • Item 4: Presence of a mouth (line or circle).
  • Item 5: Presence of a nose (dot or line; two nostrils count higher).
  • Item 6: Presence of two lips (differentiated from a simple mouth line).
  • Item 7: Nostrils (indicated by dots or shading).
  • Item 8: Hair (any scribble above the head or lines for eyebrows).

The Core Philosophy: "What" over "How"

Before diving into the grid, it is crucial to understand Goodenough’s premise. The test does not measure artistic talent. A child who draws a beautiful, expressive portrait does not necessarily score higher than a child who draws a stiff, geometric figure. The grid ignores aesthetics (shading, grace, action poses) and focuses solely on logical accuracy and the presence of specific body parts and details.

The grid assumes that a child cannot draw what they do not mentally conceptualize. If a child draws two arms, they have mentally catalogued “arm-ness.” If they draw fingers, they understand differentiation.

Principe général

  • Tâche : l’enfant reçoit une feuille et un crayon et on lui demande de dessiner un bonhomme (parfois un homme, une femme ou une personne selon la consigne).
  • Évaluation : le dessin est noté selon la présence et la qualité d’éléments graphiques considérés comme révélateurs du développement perceptif, moteur et cognitif. Chaque élément vaut un certain nombre de points ; la somme donne un score total convertible en âge mental ou en niveau de développement.

Conclusion

The Grille de Cotation du Bonhomme is a fascinating artifact of developmental psychology. It strips art down to data, turning a child’s scribble into a map of their growing mind.

The next time you see a child drawing a person, don't ask, "Is it pretty?" Ask the Goodenough question: Does it have a neck? Are the legs attached to the torso? If the answer is yes, you are looking at a milestone. If the legs are sticking out of the ears, you are likely looking at a child under the age of four.

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